Conditional Statements (if, else, elif):

Conditional statements allow your program to make decisions based on certain conditions. Here's how you can use them:

The if Statement:

The if statement checks a condition. If the condition is true, the indented code block under it is executed. Otherwise, it's skipped.

age = 18
if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult.")

The else Statement:

The else statement comes after an if statement. If the condition of the if statement is false, the code block under the else statement is executed.

age = 15
if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult.")
else:
    print("You are not yet an adult.")

The elif Statement:

elif stands for "else if." It lets you check multiple conditions. If the condition of the if statement is false, the code block under the elif statement is checked.

score = 85
if score >= 90:
    print("A")
elif score >= 80:
    print("B")
elif score >= 70:
    print("C")
else:
    print("Fail")

Loops (for, while):

Loops help you perform repetitive tasks without writing the same code over and over. There are two main types of loops in Python: for and while.

The for Loop:

A for loop iterates over a sequence (like a list, tuple, or string) and executes a block of code for each item in the sequence.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

The while Loop:

A while loop repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a condition is true.

count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

Break and Continue Statements:

The break Statement:

The break statement is used to exit a loop prematurely when a certain condition is met.

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for number in numbers:
    if number == 3:
        break
    print(number)

The continue Statement:

The continue statement skips the rest of the current iteration and moves to the next one in the loop.

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for number in numbers:
    if number == 3:
        continue
    print(number)

Explanation:

• Conditional Statements: Conditional statements, like if, else, and elif, allow your program to make decisions. You can use these to execute different code based on certain conditions.

• Loops: Loops, like for and while, help you repeat actions. for loops go through a sequence, and while loops execute as long as a condition remains true.

• Break and Continue Statements: break allows you to exit a loop prematurely if a condition is met. continue lets you skip the rest of the current iteration and move to the next one.

These control structures give your programs the power to make choices, repeat tasks, and control the flow of execution. They are essential tools for building dynamic and responsive applications.